Benildean community

The researchers, based on their personal and their peers' experiences, chose to address the situation due to the countless transportation hassles encountered by the students of De La Sale – College of Saint Bindle in order to help them maximize productivity in school. Issues such as inadequate parking slots, heavy traffic, and long queues for the e-Jeeps contribute greatly to the student's academic standing (e. G. Tardiness and absences), consequently leading to poor performance and morale.Thus, it is in the best interest of the school to implement enhancements on the existing system in order to uphold the Benefited Core Value of Social Responsibility by being socially aware and having a deep concern for their fellow students and the administration. Through this, the researchers conducted interviews, surveys and extensive ocular observations of the area to be able to present their information to implementing authorities.The researchers, as active citizens of the Benefited comm unity, practiced their observance of the law and took initiative in addressing the problems encountered by the school population in order to mitigate the transportation issues that is currently a hindrance to their punctuality and maximized school productivity. Due to the nature of the researchers being concerned with the overall performance of the school and since they are aware of the effects of to delve into developing this project that will benefit not only Benefited community s a whole, but also the local community surrounding the proximity of the institution.The project is not only aimed to the immediate relief of traffic issues, but is also geared towards the improvement of the condition of major thoroughfares that will provide a safe, secure and hassle-free Journey for the motorists who are Just passing through. Being professionally competent, the researchers extend this project to anyone who finds themselves behind the wheel and are usually encountering the aforementioned p roblems, whether or not a member of the Benefited community.The problem of students regarding the transport systems along the campuses of DOLS-CBS contribute greatly to their academic performance in school. Due to the current inefficiency of the current transport systems, there is an influx in the tardiness and absences in the academic records of the students, causing them to consequently be lazy, disinterested, and no longer focused in their studies. This, in turn, causes a downward spiral in performance in school, with the student frustrated to the inefficiencies of the current transport system that influences their academic records as well.The transport system is currently facing unhealthy problems that do not seem to be properly addressed since there is no action being implemented to mitigate the problem. Considering the fact that a significant portion of the Benefited community (student, faculty and administration) bring their vehicles, the amount of facilities, or lack thereof , directly affects a substantial number; and mostly the students bear the brunt of this disappointing problem. Queues of vehicles line the streets (e. G. He illegal back gate parking located at Leon Counting, or the multi-level parking at SAD which extends up to Sapid Residences) heavily add to the traffic congestion in the area, making it difficult for other vehicles to maneuver their way in traffic. These checkpoints and blockage tend to manifest during rush hour as the amount of cars double in number, making it near impossible for other vehicles to pass through. Given that there are other modes of transportation that are currently available to students, they are not utilized properly.The e-Jeeps, despite having punctual schedule, also contribute to the delay in travel since the units of the vehicle are not efficient enough to cater to the number of queuing passengers, this is further aggravated by traffic and harsh weather conditions. The ratio of passengers to the units of opera tional e-Jeeps defeats its purpose. This ultimately results in the students' frustration who are then forced to employ other means of transportation, or worse, walk, most especially when they are in a hurry to reach their classes on time.Pedicels provide convenience to students who are rushing to their classes in the other Benefited campuses, but are often faced with bargaining woes prior to the ride from PH. O up to PH. O are initially demanded by the pedicel drivers before they provide their services, much to the dismay of the students. This encourages most of the budget-constrained Biennials to brave the elements, rain or shine, Just so they can reach their classes and not miss out on their lessons.Although students may choose to walk Just so they can maintain their budget, their security is also Jeopardized as they become walking prey for unscrupulous individuals/groups who want to make easy money regardless the time of day. Reports of students being robbed or threatened into gi ving their valuables may be unpopular, but it is also a problem that exists and plagues the students. Add the harsh weather as they tread on foot to their designated classes and there is the issue of their health being taken into consideration as well.Traffic, weather disturbances, bulk of passengers and demanding public transport fares challenge the Benefited community, however, there seems to be a low level of concern expressed by respective authorities to ensure the safety and convenience of the Biennials, let alone the community surrounding the school. Students, members of the Benefited administration and faculty face these evident problems every day and often overlook this because of the pressure placed on them to reach their destination and classes on time.This research and proposal hopes to, if not alleviate the issues aforementioned, control the state of the current transportation schemes and aims to improve the Benefited community's day-to-day excursions to accomplish their academic requirements. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Having evaluated the issues concerned with intercalate transportation, and establishing the need for certain enhancements, the researchers deemed it accessory to provide cost-effective suggestions that could possibly expedite the lengthy and faulty process of creating and implementing student-oriented projects.Using state-of-the-art tools and critical thinking, the researchers attempted to come up with feasible solutions geared towards the attainment of its objectives, that is to mitigate the inconveniences created, directly or not, by the transport systems currently available for the Benefited community. Guided by this ultimate goal, the researchers delved deeper into the circumstances related to the cause of the robber, so as not to provide a mere â€Å"band-aid solution†.The issues of undisciplined drivers, deregulated pedicel fares, among others, were uncovered and would have to be addressed with fervor as well in order for this project to attain its success. Initially, the researchers already had first-hand knowledge of the problem as they themselves have encountered the inconveniences stated in this proposal. In addition to that, they have also been in constant interaction with peers and individuals research, contributing to its effectively, should it be promulgated.

gideon vs wainwright essays

gideon vs wainwright essays In June 1961, Clarence Earl Gideon, a fifty-year-old man, with a prior arrest record, was arrested in Panama City, Florida. He was charged with breaking into a pool hall. The things that were stolen were beer, coke, and change from a cigarette machine. Gideon claimed innocence. When his trial began he asked the court for court appointed counsel. He was denied the right because the state law only permits counsel in capital cases and for indigent defendants. The trial continued. Gideon conducted his own defense his effort however, were ineffective. He did the best he could for someone who had no knowledge or experience. He made an opening statement to the jury, cross-examined the State's witnesses, presented witnesses in his own defense, declined to testify himself, and made a short argument "emphasizing his innocence to the charge contained in the information filed in this case." The jury the jury convicted Gideon and sent him to prison for five years. While in prison, Gideon studied law books. Gideon filed petion for Habeas Corpus in the Florida Supreme Court. Gideons petion was denied. Gideon then appealed to the United States Supreme Court in forma pauperis. The Supreme Court selected his case to be considered. In the case, Betts vs. Brady Maryland farm worker Smith Betts asked for the court appointed counsel to his defense. The judge denied his request because the country that has in doesn't appoint poor defendants only in a capital case. Betts was sentenced to eight years in prison, Betts sent an appeal to the Supreme Court, but again the court ruled against Betts. The reason why is because "In the great majority of states, it has been the considered judgment of the people their representative, and their courts that the appointment of counsel is not a trial." (Goodman 64) With that statement in mind, Gideons case was issued with just reason. Twenty-two States, as friends of t ...

Academic integrity

Professional writing involves using clear language to explain themselves to an audience. 2. ) Integrity is important in writing because you should be honest to yourself and other people whom you are writing to. I believe that being in an online class helps you understand what integrity is and helps you be honest to people while you are opening up to them. For example in our discussion questions I feel like being honest is very important because it will keep my conversation going without any lies, it would be very e to be caught lying to someone while we are having a conversation.That is why it is important to have integrity. 3. ) The easiest way to avoid plagiarism is by using your own words. Once someone understands what plagiarism is and the consequences for doing it they will understand it much better. Quotations must be used when the paragraph is about 40 words or 3 sentences long. Like I said in my first sentence using your own words is the best way to avoid plagiarism is to use paraphrase. Paraphrasing means you should put the ideas in a passage into your own words, usually following the order in which the ideas were presented in the original paper.

Ethical Claims of Body Shop Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethical Claims of Body Shop - Essay Example In this study, it has been discussed that how Body Shop has implied different ethical issues in the organization and how it is focused on long term sustainability. This report also focuses on the issues that can make a clear doubt on the Body Shop’s claim about their ethical business practice. This analysis is discussing the positive issues and also negative issues relating to the Body Shop’s ethical claim. Introduction Ethics is the moral of any individual’s life. The same principle is applied for the organization. Ethics means doing things in the right way, for that someone needs to distinguish between the right and wrong things and then it is important to choose the right things. Following the child labour issues by not involving a child into a work is a kind of ethical behaviour of the organizations. Business ethics aims at imposing the sense of the business responsibility within the company’s employees. ... Now the study will discuss whether the companies will be able to gain any profit? What is the basic objective of the business? The objective for any business is to ensure the profit of the shareholders but the securities of the stakeholders also need to be ensured. The stakeholders are the persons who have directly or indirectly interest in the business. The Stakeholders are the employees, the shareholders, the government, the Media, the NGOs, everyone around the company. For example, if a factory is polluting the society through its wastage it is actually hampering the health of the people staying in the society. Though the organization is not directly related with the society but indirectly it is affecting the society. There the ethics come, what is the way to deal with certain problems, how to reduce the ill effect of the organization to ensure the social and human security. Each organization has its own parameter to fix up the specific code of conduct of the business. It’s always true that only ethical firm can do the corporate social responsibility, corporate responsibility can be done by anyone, it is the contribution and taking more responsibility towards society. But, all the firms doing social responsibility are not ethical always (Randall, 2001, p.56). There is no certain proof that the firm have done all the things in the right way. Discussion In the light of the discussion of â€Å"ethics and corporate social responsibility† the â€Å"Body Shop† ethical journey will be explained. The Body Shop international PLC has 24000 stores all over the world. It is a beauty product Cosmetics Company founded in England in the year of 1976. The founder of Body Shop, Anita Roddick, visited

Statement of purpose 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Statement of purpose 5 - Essay Example This inspired me to get a course in college that would allow me to teach. In addition, I always valued studying a foreign language because I realized how important it is for a person to be globally competent especially at these times where the world is truly becoming smaller by the minute and those who are able to speak and understand several languages are always at an advantage. I graduated English Language and Literature in Arts College at Kuwait University in June, 2010 and have been employed at the Ministry of Education just a few months afterwards. I could say my dreams are coming true. However, when I started teaching, I have discovered that there are still a lot I need to learn. Of course I understand that it has been just a few months since I started working but taking a chance on the opportunities given me is a great factor I have been considering in enrolling to the postgraduate study. Young as I am, my passion to teach young people another language aside from their native tongue does not seem to be enough for me to be taken seriously both by my colleagues and students. This challenged me to equip myself with a good education that would not only put me in a pedestal to be respected but more so, to have the authority that most successful professionals have so that I could efficiently give what I want my students to have. Taking the opportunity of getting help from my parents while I am still young and able, I considered schools the United Kingdom because I am attracted to the beauty of the country. Getting into the internet, I truly appreciate most of the universities but I was exceptionally attracted to the University of Stirling. I have been reading about the testimonies of students who eventually confirmed this is the best university that fits my expectations in postgraduate study. One of the things I have been considering as someone who is aiming for excellence in the services I give to my students and employer is the quality of education. Hellenba ch and Stratikopolous, Stirling students whose testimonies are posted on the university’s internet profile mentioned that the university has a highly qualified teaching staff and with highly competitive academic level. Both are important to me and fill the top positions on my list of priorities in looking for a good school for me to enroll in. In addition, I also read about other students’ testimonies saying the school is a very multi-cultural place and people are used to foreigners, that students are made to feel totally welcome and comfortable regardless of nationality. As a Kuwaiti, these are factors I have been looking into as well because I know how environment could affect my learning process. I would like to learn as much as I can so that I have been looking for schools that would accommodate me as a human being and not just another student to add number to the many students around the world. I have observed that most universities talk about how great their univ ersity is and how welcome the students are but some of those which I have browsed over in the internet only claim to be without backing up their claims with what the students say about their school. For Stirling, I admire their effort of getting words from students because I believe no one can tell about a school better than the students who have experienced how it is to be in a certain school. I then look forward to working with competent professors and various students, sharing our ideas and experiences as we are moulded into the best

Hiring veterans into organizations Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Hiring veterans into organizations - Term Paper Example The measure to hire these people shows their concern and attempt to recognize their contributions, sacrifice, skills and service towards society. Since 1980, the Veterans’ Employment and Training Service (VETS) in the United States Department of Labor (DOL) is trying to raise awareness and concern about the need and value of recruiting veterans. ‘VETS’ has also been trying to launch new initiatives for increasing their engagement and association with employers and organizations with special focus on the private sector. The employment of veterans accounts for one of the priorities for the Secretary of Labor Hilda Solis. The reason why the above topic has been chosen is to bring out the contributions of veterans in organizations and the significance of hiring them. They have been identified as peak performers and are also proven sources of talent. Moreover their immense importance in the organization is based on the fact that they can yield an immediate bottom line benefit as they are established credentialed and because their skills and abilities have been tested and shaped under various opportunities and challenging circumstances (Burnell, â€Å"A Trained, Ready and Proven Source of Talent†). ... Out of its total employee strength, 50 percent of them are military veterans. A major portion of the veterans work overseas with the US forces in Iraq, Afghanistan, which provides insight into the correlation between the skills of the soldiers and the skills required for the attainment of success for the civilian workforce of today. The project highlights on the challenges faced by managers in translating the military skills into the civilian job experiences (Hadley, â€Å"What employers are doing†). The hiring of veterans creates certain hurdles in confronting with the challenges of inducing the internal culture of the organization with that of the new recruits. Moreover it is important that the organization understands the nation’s military services. Veterans are increasingly confronted with the problem of finding jobs in organizations which do not understand their military services. Veterans have to play the crucial role of bridging the gap between the civil recruite rs and their experience through an interview with a single resume. It is important that organizations identify the gaps and make their working environment well suited for the workings of veterans (Hadley, â€Å"What employers are doing†). As presented by the Carlos Echalar, executive Vice President in the human resource department at ManTech International the human resource departments in organizations recruiting veterans feel the need to translate the military skills into civilian service experience as challenging as that of speaking in two different languages. Understanding the responsibilities involved in active duty is ingrained in the organizational culture of ManTech’s. The organization has been associated with numerous defense organizations since

Relationship between Binge Eating and Stress

Relationship between Binge Eating and Stress Binge Eating and Stress: Is it Behavioral or Biological? ABSTRACT Stress is often inevitable in today’s fast paced world. People are struggling with positive coping mechanisms to deal with everyday life stressors. Binge eating (BE) can arise from maladaptive coping mechanisms that can be triggered from stress. Research has been limited in categorizing binge eating as either behavioral or biological due to BE being a recent disorder discovery and its overlap between neural and psychological dependence. This review aims to explain the differences between biological and psychological associations and the correlation stress has in both aspects of BE. Key Words: Binge Eating, Stress, Eating Disorder, Food Addiction, Psychological Dependence INTRODUCTION At some point in their lives, people have experienced some form of stress that lead them to turn to coping mechanisms to overcome the stressor(s). Work, college, family, and the pursuit of happiness can consume an individual to perform at optimum, sometimes unrealistic levels. In today’s world, college students and young professionals report the highest levels of stress compared to older generations. Thirty-nine percent of Millennials say their stress has increased in the last year, compared to 36 percent of Generation Xers, 33 percent of Baby Boomers and 29 percent of Matures (Stress by Genarations, 2012).   The form in which people deal with stress varies from individual but maladaptive forms of coping mechanisms such as Binge eating are becoming more popular among young individuals, particularly women (Fischer, 2017).   Binge Eating (BE) is consuming a very large amount of food within a short period of time with no sense of control over one’s eating, and no purgi ng afterwards (Parakeh).   People who have low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, body image issues, dieting obsessed, compulsive tendencies and academic perfection goals are more likely to develop an eating disorder such as BE (Cain, 2008).   BE so far has been classified as an eating disorder along with Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia (Hardway, 2015), but there are more underlying symptoms that make it difficult to categorize under purely addictive psychological dependence or if it’s a neural response to stress. Psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety and low-self-esteem can manifest themselves when triggered by a situation or stressor that would make the individual turn to BE for relief or avoidance (Shelton, 2010). According to the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), which is a measure to identify individuals show signs related to substance dependence with the consumption of high fat/high sugar food such as food addiction (YFAS) individuals whose symptoms fit u nder YFAS have a strong correlation to food addiction. The YFAS proposes that the characteristics of binge eating goes hand in hand with what currently qualifies as substance dependence. Also, scores on the YFAS predicted binge eating behavior and emotional eating in a study of obese women who were dieting (Parylak, 2011). Alternatively, studies have been conducted that have found when stress levels are high, individuals are more likely to gravitate towards high-fat, high-sugar palatable foods in excess versus times of little to no stress. Neuronal activity monitored by a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) showed activation of various limbic system areas such as, the right amygdala (emotions, motivation), Cingulate cortex (emotion formation, memory), Hippocampus (regulates emotions), and Putamen (movement of limbs) (Figure 1, 2 and 3) (Born, 2010). Stress response initiates itself in the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic-adrenomedullary (SAM) sy stem (Adam, 2007). The overlapping and differential aspects of stress induced BE in the biological or psychological aspect have not yet been reviewed and the purpose of this review is to compare both sides, using research already done in both areas to determine how stress-induced BE should be categorized. Stress and Categories The Neuronal Approach Studies have been done to research the effects of stress on the brain mostly on animals like mice. The studies have revealed that in rats, stress can lead to choosing of lards and sugars over other foods (Adam, 2007). A study done relating animal and human literature took focus on the neuroendocrine mediators, insulin and cortisol and reviewed the neural circuitry of the reward system that is linked with food (Adam, 2007). Animal models resulted in glucocorticoids allowing for more pleasurable food intake and the consumption of drugs. A tail pinch in rats is considered a stressor and when the tail is pinched the rat would eat more caloric dense food. After a 24 hour rest period the rat would not eat to compensate for the calories taken in. However, if the tail pinching was consistent, the rat would eat more and still ate during the rest period. This can equate into human terms, as how constant severe stressors, for example college finals happening at the same time four research papers are due, and fast food available virtually everywhere can lead a very stressed person into a consumption frenzy of unlimited caloric dense food (Adam, 2007). The activation of the HPA axis as well as other transmitters accounts for the release of endogenous opioids which affect the body by trying to relax it when it’s in a heightened state. When the opioids are released (as response to a stressor) they contribute to the consumption of high-fat/high-sugar foods, and likewise these palatable foods sustain the release of the opioids. Therefore, if food is concluded to shut down stress pathways as before mentioned, (deactivating the HPA axis), so there’s not a continuous influx of stressful signal transduction (such as adrenaline release), and food is a coping mechanism of choice, then neurologically a stressed-out person is wired to seek out fatty foods to compensate for the amounts of stress triggering reactions in their body (Adam, 2007). In another research study, human subjects were tested under stressful and non-stressful conditions (a solvable math test and an unsolvable math test), given two fMRI’s and five blood tests. The test subjects were then asked to choose what kind of food appealed to them more after the test and a meal was also given before of their choosing. The results indicated that under stress food intake was larger than non-stressed. Subjects would have higher energy intake, protein intake and carbohydrate intake compared with the non-stressed subjects, as foods that were more palatable were chosen (higher in sugar, fat, salt, and more textured) (Born, 2010). These results correlate with other studies mentioned in this research, that also stated that stressed subjects have higher energy intakes therefore they tend to eat more nutrient dense foods compared to those who are not stressed. The areas of the brain that were stimulated were those that are linked to the reward system. The reward system is a dependence system is the brain that is activated by pleasurable foods, and drugs that leave the feeling of one wanting more. Constant stimulation of the reward system leads to desensitization which will increase the craving for palatable foods and have neurobiological adaptions to stimulate eating when not hungry. (Adam, 2007). The fMRI scans show regions of the limbic system that were activated when stressed given the choice to choose foods that were appealing (Figures 1,2 and 3) (Born, 2010). Brain reward in eating in the absence of hunger Figure 1. Sagittal (a), coronal (b) and transversal (c) sections, showing the GLM contrast of choosing something versus choosing nothing. Significant activation is visible in the left frontal cortex ( 21, 58, 13; Po0.05 FDR corrected). (Photo taken from Born, 2010). Figure 2. Two sagittal (a, b) sections at different planes and a transversal (c) section with the GLM contrast of choosing breakfast versus choosing a meal postprandially. There is a clear activation in the orbitofrontal cortex (3, 48, 1), frontal cortex (13, 61, 20 and 12, 63, 21) and putamen (18, 5, 5; Po0.05 FDR corrected). (Photo taken from Born 2010). Figure 3. Sagittal (a), coronal (b) and transversal (c) sections, showing the GLM contrast rest condition versus stress condition. Significant activation in present in the putamen (22, 4, 3 and 23, 11, 4) and the orbitofrontal cortex ( 8, 28, 6, Po0.05 FDR corrected). (Photo taken from Born, 2010). A sleep study was conducted identifying lack of sleep as a stressor. This is a common stressor of many college students for example that are loaded with excessive workloads, and young professionals who must meet the demands of their job fields. Subjects spent six days in bed for 9 hours or 4 hours and were submitted to MRI scanning on the sixth day and shown images of high and low calorie foods as well as nonfood items. The results showed overall neuronal activity was greater after restricted sleep than habitual sleep in response to food images. There was also more brain activity in areas of the brain associated with the reward pathways (Orbital frontal Cortex, insula, and regions of the basal ganglia). The brain regions in which activity was detected are related to motivation and desire so individuals who are not getting enough sleep are more prone to binge eating (St. Onge, 2012). Similarly, research has been conducted on nocturnal eating in response to stress and it was found that nocturnal eaters were more likely to binge eat than their counterparts. The stressors in this study were mostly psychological (self-esteem issues, body shaming, depression etc.) but as mentioned before if there is a lack of sleep it will trigger neuronal activity to seek out palatable food, and sometimes it is uncontrolled, leading to binge eating (Striegel-Moore, 2010).   Another study conducted previously tested subjects in a similar manner and found that those subjects with Night Eating Syndrome (NES) were also associated with binge eating (Colles, 2007). Obesity was concurrent with NES and most subjects that have NES were male according to Colles. The Psychological Approach Binge Eating is generally more closely associated with psychological factors such as depression, low self-esteem, poor body image perception, academic insufficiency, and weight-loss goals (Han, 2017). These factors are also closely associated to food addiction. Food addiction is defined just as substance addiction per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) (Parakeh). The interlacing of terms between food addiction and binge eating has to do with the psychological factors both terms have in common. BE is characterized by behavioral and psychological symptoms such as the frequency of binge episodes, the amount of food consumed, and their occurrence in the absence of hunger. BE is also usually followed by guilt and feelings of disgust, shame, or depression, whereas FA is strictly more of a lack of self-control driven by an impulse for gratification or escape.   Both have a loss of control and impulsivity driving the conditions however, food addiction does not equate into binge eating (Davis, 2016). Research has been conducted to explore these psychological factors and a study was done comparing BE and FA statistically. The results indicated that subjects who fall under similar factors in both BE and FA are more likely to experience more frequent binge eating episodes, stronger cravings for food, and elevated levels of impulsivity and depressive symptoms than those with only BED (Burrows, 2017). Therefore, there is a difference between the two terms, however when used in combination, the effects on an individual can be more severe in contrast if they were suffering from just BE or FA alone. Stress can intensify the effects of BE and FA, as studies have shown the closer the behavior between FA and BE then the more likely there will be underlying implicated stress and anxious and depressive mood (Parylak, 2011). In a Chinese study the effects of stress and its causation to binge eating was studied in adolescent girls whose main stressor was academic perfection. Results showed that adolescents with greater life event stress, earlier maladaptive schemas and higher levels of impulsivity displayed more severe binge eating (Zhu, 2015). Therefore, adolescents who never learned positive coping mechanisms and were exposed to strong life stressors, were more likely to engage in binge eating. This is potentially dangerous among Millennial populations since it is possible they may have not learned positive coping mechanisms in adolescence and now many are in college where the pressure to excel academically is high. Healthy individuals who may not fit criteria for BE or FA can fall into either category depending on the level of stress associated in their lives, and how vulnerable they may be to psychological stressors (Hardaway, 2015). CONCLUSION Categorizing Binge Eating into either behavioral or biological categories is difficult because as research has shown components from both domains often interlace with one another. As discussed in this review many psychological stressors can give rise to neuronal activity that will biologically start a maladaptive cycle if the person is not equipped to handle the overwhelming stress. Unfortunately, diagnosis of BE is done incorrectly because patients are not always asked the appropriate questions regarding their eating habits. Diagnosis should take into consideration dopamine, opioid, acetylcholine, and serotonin neuro-circuitry that are associated within the brain reward regions, along with the psychological stressors (depression, self-esteem etc) that could be troubling the patient (Fornaro, 2016). Experimental drugs should as Lisdexamfetamine, have been tested among patients with mild BE and were found to reduce occurrence of BE episodes compared to the placebo. Future trials concerning safety and long term effects of the drug are needed to deem the drug fit for clinical treatment of BE (Fornaro, 2016). Currently self-help techniques including monitoring mood, stress, and eating behavior are preferred to the pharmaceutical approach, however self-help in patients with BE is not effective as compared to those without reported BE (Wolff, 2000).    Future work could incorporate neuropsychology as to understand the processes of signal transduction that can lead to behavioral problems. The infusion of psychology and biology is crucial in trying to understand and ultimately treat binge eating caused by stress. As of now such research and studies are scarce combining both components in association with BE. This review aimed to clarify the distinction between psychological and neuronal categorization of stress induced binge eating. As mentioned through this review, it is inaccurate to try and place BE into one category, as both categories are often present in individuals suffering from BE. The greater the awareness of this subject, the more equipped work places, colleges, and individuals can be to recognize potential stressors and the effects they have on those who are vulnerable to psychological conditions. Works Cited Adam, Tanja  C., and Elissa  S. Epel. Stress, eating and the reward system.  Physiology & Behavior, vol.  91, no.  4,  2007, pp.  449-458.   Born, J.  M., et al. Acute stress and food-related reward activation in the brain during food choice during eating in the absence of hunger.  International Journal of Obesity, vol.  34, no.  1,  2009, pp.  172-181.   Burrows, Tracy, et al. Food Addiction, Binge Eating Disorder, and Obesity: Is There a Relationship?  Behavioral Sciences, vol.  7, no.  3,  2017, p.  54.   Cain, Angela  S., et al. Refining the relationships of perfectionism, self-efficacy, and stress to dieting and binge eating: Examining the appearance, interpersonal, and academic domains.  International Journal of Eating Disorders, vol.  41, no.  8,  2008, pp.  713-721.   Colles, S.  L., et al. Night eating syndrome and nocturnal snacking: association with obesity, binge eating and psychological distress.  International Journal of Obesity, vol.  31, no.  11,  2007, pp.  1722-1730.   Davis, Caroline. A commentary on the associations among ‘food addiction’, binge eating disorder, and obesity: Overlapping conditions with idiosyncratic clinical features.  Appetite, vol.  115,  2017, pp.  3-8.   Fischer, Sarah, et al. Impact of the neural correlates of stress and cue reactivity on stress related binge eating in the natural environment.  Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol.  92,  2017, pp.  15-23.   Fornaro, Michele, et al. Lisdexamfetamine in the treatment of moderate-to-severe binge eating disorder in adults: systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis of publicly available placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials.  Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, vol.  Volume 12,  2016, pp.  1827-1836.   Han, Suejung, and Soonhee Lee. College Student Binge Eating: Attachment, Psychological Needs Satisfaction, and Emotion Regulation.  Journal of College Student Development, vol.  58, no.  7,  2017, pp.  1074-1086.   Hardaway, J.  A., et al. Integrated circuits and molecular components for stress and feeding: implications for eating disorders.  Genes, Brain and Behavior, vol.  14, no.  1,  2015, pp.  85-97.   Harrington, Ellen  F., et al. The relationships among trauma, stress, ethnicity, and binge eating.  Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, vol.  12, no.  2,  2006, pp.  212-229.  Ã‚   Parekh, Ranna. What Are Eating Disorders?  Home │ Psychiatry.org, www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/eating-disorders/what-are-eating-disorders. Parylak, Sarah  L., et al. The dark side of food addiction.  Physiology & Behavior, vol.  104, no.  1,  2011, pp.  149-156.   Pendleton, Victor  R., et al. Negative Stress and the Outcome of Treatment for Binge Eating.  Eating Disorders, vol.  9, no.  4,  2001, pp.  351-360.   Shelton, Virginia  L., and Karena  T. Valkyrie. College Student Stress: A Predictor of Eating Disorder Precursor Behaviors.  Alabama Counseling Association Journal, vol.  35, no.  2,  Mar.  2010,  ebscohost.   St-Onge, M.-P., et al. Sleep restriction leads to increased activation of brain regions sensitive to food stimuli.  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.  95, no.  4,  2012, pp.  818-824.   Stress by Generations: 2012.  Http://www.apa.org, www.apa.org/news/press/releases/stress/2012/generations.aspx. Striegel-Moore, Ruth  H., et al. Nocturnal eating: Association with binge eating, obesity, and psychological distress.  International Journal of Eating Disorders, vol.  43, no.  6,  2010, pp.  520-526.   Wolff, Gretchen  E., et al. Differences in daily stress, mood, coping, and eating behavior in binge eating and nonbinge eating college women.  Addictive Behaviors, vol.  25, no.  2,  2000, pp.  205-216.   Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS),   Zhu, Hong, et al. Life Event Stress and Binge Eating Among Adolescents: The Roles of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Impulsivity.  Stress and Health, vol.  32, no.  4,  2015, pp.  395-401.